A personal compilation of Windows system software configurations and common error solutions to avoid searching every time.
Table of Contents
Open Table of Contents
System Configuration
1. Right-click Menu
Desktop right-click cleanup
计算机\HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shellFolder right-click menu cleanup
计算机\HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell
计算机\HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shellex\ContextMenuHandlers
计算机\HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell
计算机\HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shellex\ContextMenuHandlersFile right-click menu configuration
计算机\HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shellex\ContextMenuHandlers2. Remote Desktop
When using a Microsoft account as credentials to log into Remote Desktop, it always prompts for incorrect password. This may be due to the computer not updating after the Microsoft account password was changed. You can run winver once with your account permissions to refresh the Microsoft account password.
runas /u:MicrosoftAccount\wenjie.xu.cn@outlook.com winver2. Interface Features
Allow virtual memory to be set on non-system drives (fix error “Due to a page file configuration problem when starting the computer, Windows created a temporary page file on your computer”)
reg add "HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management" /v PagefileOnOsVolume /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /fRun each File Explorer window as a separate process to improve stability
reg add "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced" /v SeparateProcess /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /fDo not put drivers and kernel-mode system code into virtual memory (may solve some mysterious driver stability issues)
reg add "HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management" /v DisablePagingExecutive /t REG_DDesktop, File Explorer, etc., have abnormal font scaling and cannot be restored in settings; modify registry to reset scaling
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop\WindowMetrics]
"IconTitleWrap"="1"
"Shell Icon Size"="32"
"BorderWidth"="-15"
"CaptionFont"=hex:f4,ff,ff,ff,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,90,01,00,00,\
00,00,00,01,00,00,05,00,53,00,65,00,67,00,6f,00,65,00,20,00,55,00,49,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00
"CaptionHeight"="-330"
"CaptionWidth"="-330"
"IconFont"=hex:f4,ff,ff,ff,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,90,01,00,00,00,\
00,00,01,00,00,05,00,53,00,65,00,67,00,6f,00,65,00,20,00,55,00,49,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00
"MenuFont"=hex:f4,ff,ff,ff,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,90,01,00,00,00,\
00,00,01,00,00,05,00,53,00,65,00,67,00,6f,00,65,00,20,00,55,00,49,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00
"MenuHeight"="-285"
"MenuWidth"="-285"
"MessageFont"=hex:f4,ff,ff,ff,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,90,01,00,00,\
00,00,00,01,00,00,05,00,53,00,65,00,67,00,6f,00,65,00,20,00,55,00,49,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00
"ScrollHeight"="-255"
"ScrollWidth"="-255"
"SmCaptionFont"=hex:f4,ff,ff,ff,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,90,01,00,\
00,00,00,00,01,00,00,05,00,53,00,65,00,67,00,6f,00,65,00,20,00,55,00,49,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00
"SmCaptionHeight"="-330"
"SmCaptionWidth"="-330"
"StatusFont"=hex:f4,ff,ff,ff,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,90,01,00,00,\
00,00,00,01,00,00,05,00,53,00,65,00,67,00,6f,00,65,00,20,00,55,00,49,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00
"AppliedDPI"=dword:00000060
"PaddedBorderWidth"="-60"
"IconSpacing"="-1125"
"IconVerticalSpacing"="-1125"
"MinAnimate"="0"Development Configuration
1. Scoop Package Manager
Scoop is the most convenient software (package) manager I’ve used on Windows, allowing easy installation of software from the command line. It has the following features:
- Eliminates permission popup windows
- Prevents PATH pollution from installing many programs
- Avoids unexpected side effects during program installation and uninstallation
- Automatically finds and installs dependencies
- Automatically performs all additional setup steps to get a runnable program
Note that when using Scoop to manage tools, Scoop keeps multiple installed versions of applications in their respective folders for easy switching and rollback to previous versions. For example, you can directly view the C:\Users\Xu\scoop\apps\oh-my-posh folder in File Explorer, which should have subfolders named by version numbers. The currently active version is shown in the current directory. You can check which version the C:\Users\Xu\scoop\apps\oh-my-posh\current symlink points to in File Explorer.
Manually delete unnecessary old version subfolders. For example, if you see folders 7.68.0 and 7.69.1, and only want to keep the latest 7.69, go to the C:\Users\Xu\scoop\apps\oh-my-posh directory and delete the old version folder (like 7.68.0). Or directly use commands to automatically clean up unused old version files:
scoop cleanup oh-my-posh
# Clean up old versions for all software
scoop cleanup *
# Clear installation package cache
scoop cache rm *Attached is the list of software installed using scoop:
Name Version Source Updated Info
---- ------- ------ ------- ----
7zip 24.09 main 2024-12-02 16:34:26
aria2 1.37.0-1 main 2024-11-11 21:58:04
btop 1.0.4 main 2024-07-17 21:29:16
btop-lhm 1.0.4 main 2024-07-17 21:29:25
draw.io 25.0.2 extras 2024-12-05 15:24:34
everything 1.4.1.1026 extras 2024-12-04 14:25:38
fastfetch 2.33.0 main 2024-12-28 23:17:29
fd 10.2.0 main 2024-12-22 12:47:35
ffmpeg 7.1 main 2024-10-20 18:21:52
fzf 0.57.0 main 2024-12-22 12:47:39
geekuninstaller 1.5.2.165 extras 2024-12-03 16:21:50
gh 2.64.0 main 2024-12-22 12:57:21
ghostscript 10.04.0 main 2024-12-22 12:49:34
git 2.47.1 main 2024-12-02 16:46:01
imagemagick 7.1.1-43 main 2024-12-25 22:26:47
innounp 1.76 main 2024-11-14 10:58:02
jid 0.7.6 main 2024-12-22 12:49:50
jq 1.7.1 main 2024-12-22 12:47:28
mingw 14.2.0-rt_v12-rev0 main 2024-12-05 15:37:08
mongodb 8.0.4 main 2024-12-08 12:22:01
mongodb-compass 1.45.0 extras 2024-12-05 15:24:52
mongodb-database-tools 100.10.0 main 2024-12-02 17:10:50
mongosh 2.3.7 extras 2024-12-22 12:57:28
motrix 1.8.19 extras 2024-12-02 17:45:13
nodejs-lts 22.12.0 main 2024-12-05 15:25:03
notepad3 6.24.1221.1 extras 2024-12-22 12:59:44
office-tool-plus 10.19.8.0 extras 2024-12-22 12:59:49
oh-my-posh 24.17.1 main 2024-12-25 22:26:58
openjdk21 21.0.2-13 java 2024-12-05 15:46:33
pandoc 3.6.1 main 2024-12-25 22:27:12
picgo 2.3.1 extras 2024-12-02 17:32:48
pipx 1.7.1 main 2024-12-13 20:38:34
pnpm 9.15.2 main 2024-12-28 23:17:37
poppler 24.08.0-0 main 2024-12-22 12:47:32
r 4.4.2 main 2024-12-02 16:39:04
registry-finder 2.59.0.0 extras 2024-12-04 14:15:35
ripgrep 14.1.1 main 2024-12-22 12:47:37
rstudio 2024.12.0-467 extras 2024-12-22 13:00:34
rtools 4.4.6335.6327 main 2024-12-02 14:16:57
sudo 0.2020.01.26 main 2024-09-30 13:16:29
switchhosts 4.2.0.6119 extras 2024-12-02 17:38:16
texstudio 4.8.5 extras 2024-12-14 16:06:48
thorium 128.0.6613.189 extras 2024-12-02 17:36:29
typst 0.12.0 main 2024-12-05 15:34:13
vcredist2022 14.42.34433.0 extras 2024-12-02 16:56:57
wixtoolset 5.0.2 main 2024-11-14 10:57:52
zoxide 0.9.6 main 2024-12-22 12:47:422. System Fonts
- PowerShell: ‘CaskaydiaMonoNerdFontMono’
- VS Code: ‘CaskaydiaMonoNerdFontMono’ (English), ‘LXGW WenKai Mono’ (Chinese)
- Office Word: ‘latinmodern-math’ (math formulas).
3. Node.js
Mirror Source Management Tool nrm
- nrm is an npm registry manager that helps users manage different mirror sources more conveniently. Below are the basic usage methods for nrm:
# Install nrm
npm install nrm -g
# List all configured mirror sources
nrm ls
# Add a new mirror source
nrm add <registry-name> <registry-url>
# Delete a mirror source
nrm del <registry-name>
# Switch the currently used mirror source
nrm use <registry-name>
# Test the speed of all mirror sources
nrm test3. MongoDB
Installation
Use scoop to automatically install mongodb and its suite of tools:
scoop bucket add main
scoop install main/mongodb
scoop install main/mongodb-database-tools
scoop bucket add extras
scoop install extras/mongosh
scoop install extras/mongodb-compassConfiguration
MongoDB installed via Scoop is not configured as a Windows service by default, but you can manually set MongoDB as a Windows service for auto-start on boot.
Use Scoop to check the MongoDB installation location:
scoop prefix mongodbThe mongod shim uses $dir\bin\mongod.cfg as the default configuration file. To use another configuration file, run $dir\bin\mongod.exe --config NEW_CONFIG_FILE, where NEW_CONFIG_FILE can be modified based on mongod.cfg and saved elsewhere.
Manually start MongoDB; if data\db and data\log folders are not created (paths can be fixed in mongod.cfg), create them manually first:
<path>\bin\mongod.exe --dbpath "<path>\data\db" --logpath "<path>\data\log\mongo.log" --logappendOpen a new terminal and verify if MongoDB started normally:
mongoshRegister MongoDB as a Windows service:
sc.exe create MongoDB binPath= "<path>\bin\mongod.exe --service --config <path>\mongod.cfg" DisplayName= "MongoDB" start= "auto"<path>: The path where Scoop installed MongoDB.--service: Specifies running in service mode.--config: Specifies the MongoDB configuration file path (optional).
Start the MongoDB service; if the service starts successfully, MongoDB will run automatically on every system boot:
net start MongoDB